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Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: II: Comparison of Additive Direct and Maternal Genetic Effects^1,2,

Iowa State University, Ames 50011

Abstract

Data from 52 litters farrowed in two seasons of a cross-fostering experiment were analyzed to estimate variances and covariances for additive direct and maternal genetic effects on immune response to pseudorabies virus and B. bronchiseptica vaccine. Twenty purebred boars and 44 sows of the Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds were used. Immune response was measured after vaccine challenge. A modified-live pseudorabies (PR) vaccine was administered to piglets at 28 d of age; response was measured by log, serum neutralization titers at 56 d. An inactivated B. bronchiseptica bacterin was administered at 28, 42 and 112 d. Antibody levels were measured relative to positive and negative controls at 28, 56 and 119 d by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results from this study for heritability were .18 ± .09 for PR titer and .15 ± .07 and .52 ± .15 for 56- and 119-d ELISA values, respectively. The variability due to nurse environment (maternal genetic variance and common environmental variance) as a percentage of phenotypic variance was 11.1% for PR titers and 29.6 and 8.8% for 56- and 119-d ELISA values, respectively. The heritabilities estimated in this study indicate that, if improved immune response to vaccines is desired, selection may be useful. However, the importance of maternal environment would make early selections less accurate than selections based on immune response measured later in life.

¹ Journal Paper No. J-12294 of the Iowa Agr. and Home Econ. Exp. Sta., Ames, Projects 2594 and 2609.

² The partial financial support of the USDA and the Natl. Pork Producers Council is gratefully acknowledged, as is the assistance of N. Schwartz.

³ Present address: Natl. Pork Producers Council, Box 10383, Des Moines, lA 50306.

⁴ Dept. of Anim. Sci. Request for reprints should be directed here.

⁵ Dept. of Biochem. and Biophys.

⁶ Vet. Diagnostic Lab.