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Effect of Dietary Fluorine on Growth, Blood and Bone Characteristics of Growing-Finishing Pigs^1,2,

University of Nebraska³ Lincoln 68583-0908

Abstract

Three hundred eighty-four growing-finishing pigs were used in two experiments to determine the effect of dietary fluorine (F) on growth, blood and bone physical characteristics. Fourteen dietary treatments were formulated by supplementing F (as NaF) to a milo-soybean meal basal diet (7 ppm F) to provide levels of 7, 132, 257, 382, 507 and 632 ppm F for Exp. 1, and 7, 25, 43, 61, 79, 97, 115 and 133 ppm F for Exp. 2. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were not affected (P>.09) when F was fed at levels between 7 and approximately 132 ppm. Average daily gain and ADFI were reduced (P<.0001) for pigs consuming diets with F concentrations greater than 132 ppm (Exp. 1). Feed conversion was not affected (P>.17) by any level of F fed. Serum F and alkaline phosphatase concentrations increased (P<.01) with increasing dietary F levels. Cerum and bone Ca and P concentrations were not affected (P>.13) by dietary F levels (Exp. 1). In Exp. 1 and 2, bone F increased (P<.0001) and metatarsal stress and modulus of elasticity decreased (P<.0001) as level of F increased in the diet. Bone thickness decreased quadratically (P<.02) in Exp. 1 and linearly (P<.7) in Exp. 2 with increased dietary F levels. Scanning electron microscopy showed an increase in porosity of bones from pigs fed the higher levels of F. Growing-finishing pigs were able to tolerate approximately 132 ppm F for growth, but all of the F levels (7 ppm) fed in these two experiments affected bone integrity.

¹ Published as Paper No. 8040, Journal Series, Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta.

² Acknowledgment is made to Dr. A. B. Hardt and B. J. Clement for assistance in microscopic bone evaluation, and to M. B. Barnes, R. M. Diedrichsen, M. C. Hansen, D. J. Smith, J. L. Kovar and members of the Swine Research Center Staff for technical assistance.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci.