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Sheep and Goats in Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural Systems^1,2,

North Carolina State University Raleigh 27695-7621 and Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development Morrilton, AR 72110

Abstract

The potential for increasing productivity of small ruminants in lesser developed countries (LDCs) is well documented. To realize this potential, however, will require that traditional farmers place more emphasis on producing for the cash market, and thus have more incentive to adopt new technology. To ensure that appropriate new technology packages are available for LDC sheep and goat producers will require a six-step research effort, repeated in each region where small ruminants are important: description of the farming system, applied research on components of the farming system, linkage with international networks for basic research and information having widespread application, multidisciplinary experiments to examine interactions among system components, on-farm validation and institutionalization of a dynamic system for technology innovations. The latter step is especially important but often overlooked. A minimum of 7 to 10 yr of sustained effort seems to be necessary for a development-oriented research program to reach a state where all six steps have been achieved. Experiences of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program in Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, Peru and Morocco are analyzed within the framework of this six-step model.

¹ Paper No. 10061 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agr. Res. Serv., Raleigh NC 27695-7601. Much of the research cited herein was supported by the Agency for International Development, Washington DC, funder of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program; and by the matching contributions of the participating institutions in the U.S. and the five collaborating countries.

² Presented at a symposium on "Potentials for Animal Production in Lesser Developed Countries," August 14, 1985, at the 77th Annu. Meet. of the Amer. Soc. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Georgia, Athens.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh NC 27695-7621.

⁴ Winrock Int. Inst., Rt. 3, Morrilton AR 72110.