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Effects of Dietary Additions of 1,3-Butanediol or Lard for Sows on Survival of Neonatal Pigs^1,2,

University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0215

Abstract

In nine trials, 278 late-term gravid sows were fed isocaloric amounts (8,500 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/d) of a fortified, corn-soybean meal based diet in which 20% of their daily ME intake was supplied by corn starch, 1,3-butanediol or lard from about d 106 of gestation to parturition. After parturition, the sow's daily ME intake was increased to 18,000 kcal. Sows fed starch and lard remained on their respective diets for the duration of a 28-d lactation; whereas, those initially fed butanediol were switched to the starch diet after parturition. Number of pigs born per litter, average pig birth weight and incidence of stillbirths were not influenced (P>.30) by the prepartum diet of the sow. However, the inclusion of isocaloric levels of butanediol for starch in the prepartum diet and lard for starch in the pre- and postpartum diets increased the number of pigs weaned per litter by .45 (P<.13) and .16 pigs (8.25, 7.96 vs 7.80) and improved the survival rate of pigs from birth to weaning by 4.3 (P<.13) and 2.7 percentage units (84.5, 82.8 vs 80.1%), respectively. Average pig weights at 28 d of age for litters of sows fed butanediol prepartally were similar to those of sows fed starch, but were less (P<.01) than those of sows fed lard throughout lactation.

¹ Journal Paper No. 84-5-200 of the Univ. of Kentucky Agr. Exp. Sta., Dept. of Anim. Sci.

² Prepartum administration of 1,3-butanediol to sows for the enhancement of metabolic stability and survival of neonatal pigs is a patented process. Patent is held by the Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington.