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Nutritive Value of High- and Low-Tannin Grain Sorghums Harvested and Stored in the High-Moisture State for Growing-Finishing Swine^1,2,

University of Florida^,5, Marianna 32446

Abstract

Two 2 x 2 randomized, complete-block trials were conducted in consecutive years to evaluate effects of storage method (high-moisture vs dry) and tannin level (high variety vs low variety) on nutritional value of grain sorghum for growing-finishing swine. High-moisture (HM) grains were harvested and anaerobically stored at 24 to 26% moisture. After 6 mo storage, HM grains were dried (35 C) to 11 to 12% moisture before incorporation into diets. Dry grains were harvested at 18 to 20% moisture, dried (40 C) to 11 to 12% moisture and stored in aerated bins. For each trial, 48 crossbred pigs (28 kg) were used for a total of three pens of four pigs each per treatment. Level of dietary grain was constant within grower or finisher diets. During the grower phase, apparent digestibilities of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and gross energy were determing using chromic oxide as an indigestible indicator. The HM storage reduced tannin content of high-tannin grain sorghum by 27 and 30%, respectively, for the two crops. Over both trials, daily weight gain was not affected (P>.05) by treatment. Feed efficiency (P<.01) and DM (P<.01), energy (P<.05) and CP (P<.01) digestibilities were improved by HM storage of the grain sorghums; however, feed consumption was decreased (P<.01). Pigs fed diets containing high-tannin grain sorghum had poorer (P<.01) feed efficiency than did those fed low-tannin diets but feed consumption was similar (P>.05). Diets containing high-tannin grain sorghum had lower (P<.01) energy, CP and DM digestibilities than did diets containing low-tannin grain. High-moisture storage of high-tannin grain sorghum was not (P>.05) particularly beneficial for improving feed efficiency or DM, energy or protein digestibilities over that of pigs fed diets containing low-tannin grain sorghum stored in the high-moisture state.

¹ Florida Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Series No. 6533.

² The assistance of Dr. J. A. Cornell with statistical analysis is gratefully acknowledged. The assistance of Alvin Boning, Jr., Carl Wigington, Harvey Standland, John Crawford, Angus Branch and Mary Chambliss is gratefully acknowledged.

³ Agr. Res. and Educ. Center, Marianna 32446.

⁴ Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville 32611.

⁵ Inst. of Food and Agr. Sci., Agr. Res. and Educ. Center.