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Characterization of Cattle of a Five-Breed Diallel: VI. Fat Deposition Patterns of Serially Slaughtered Bulls

Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station 77843

Abstract

Dissection and chemical analysis data from 197 bulls of 15 breedtypes were used to examine the distribution of total fat (TOTFAT) among carcass fat (CFAT), viscera fat (VIF), kidney plus pelvic fat (KPF) and blood fat (BLF). The bulls were obtained from a five-breed diallel involving Angus, Brahman, Hereford, Holstein and Jersey; reciprocal crosses were pooled. One or two bulls of each breedtype were slaughtered at each of seven ages: 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 and 30 mo. An allometric equation was utilized to describe growth rate of each fat depot relative to either TOTFAT or carcass side weight (CSW). The pooled within-breedtype differential growth rates obtained from the allometric equation indicated that as TOTFAT or CSW increased, the proportion composed of CFAT and KPF increased (growth coefficients significantly > 1), whereas the proportion composed of VIF and BLF decreased (growth coefficients significantly < 1). Holstein and Jersey tended to have more CFAT than Hereford, Angus and Brahman. Jersey had more KPF than other breeds. Crossbreds exhibited positive heterosis for CFAT and VIF, and negative heterosis for KPF. On a constant CSW basis, there were no significant breedtype differences in TOTFAT: nevertheless, differences in fat distribution among breedtypes persisted. There were different amounts of fat at the depots studied, but fat growth coefficients relative to TOTFAT tended to be homogeneous among breedtypes.

¹ Present address: Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro, Mexico.

² Present address: Texas Agr. Exp. Sta., Texas A&M Univ. Res. and Ext. Center at Overton.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

⁴ Present address: Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Anim. Res. Center, Clay Center, NE 68933.

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