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Low-Quality Roughages for Steers Grazing Wheat Pasture. II. Effect of Wheat Forage Intake and Utilization¹

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station³, Stillwater 74078

Abstract

The effects of feeding low-quality roughages (LQR) to 1) steers fed harvested wheat forage in stalls and 2) steers grazing wheat pasture on wheat forage intake, dry matter digestibility (DMD) and dry matter (DM) turnover rate were studied. In the first trial, steers (283 ± 6 kg mean body wt) were kept in digestion stalls and fed either harvested wheat forage or harvested wheat forage plus .64 kg sorghum-Sudan hay (SS) DM/d. Dry matter intake and DMD of wheat forage, were, respectively, 1.96 and 1.97% of body weight and 74.7 and 75.2% for steers fed wheat forage with and without SS. Grazing trials were conducted over a 2-yr period. Steers grazed a common wheat pasture and were fed either no LQR, wheat straw (WS), or SS. Mean daily intakes of WS and SS by steers grazing wheat pasture were .28 and .67 kg DM, respectively. Daily fecal DM output of steers, gastrointestinal tract fill of undigested DM (UDMG), ruminal turnover rate, time delay and total mean retention time (TMRT) of wheat forage in the gastrointestinal tract were estimated using a time-dependent, time-independent model of Yb concentrations in feces following pulse-dosing with ytterbium-labeled wheat forage. Intake of wheat forage was not altered (P>.05) by feeding LQR. Ruminal turnover rate of wheat forage tended to increase and TMRT of wheat forage tended to decrease with feeding a LQR, although differences among treatments were not significant. Ruminal turnover rate of LQR estimated from Cr-mordanted LQR was much slower (1.5 to 2.2 vs 5.3 to 5.4 %/h, P<.05), and TMRT of LQR was much greater (74.5 to 91.7 vs 37.1 to 37.4 h, P<.05) than values for Yb-labeled wheat forage. Results of these studies are interpreted to indicate that consumption of small amounts of LQR by growing cattle on wheat pasture does not alter wheat forage intake or utilization.

¹ Journal Article No. 4562 of the Agr. Exp. Sta., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater 74078. Request for reprints should be addressed to G. W. Horn.

² Present address: Univ. of Nebraska, Northeast Station, Concord 68728.

³ Anim. Sci. Dept.

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