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[¹⁴C]-Aflatoxin B₁ Metabolism in Lactating Goats and Rats

University of California, Davis 95616

Abstract

Four dairy goats in the second to third month of lactation were administered [¹⁴C]-Aflatoxin B₁ ([¹⁴C] -AFB₁). Two goats were dosed intravenously (iv) with 130 µCi (182 µCi/µmol) and two were dosed orally with 196 µCi (256 µCi/µmol). Urine, milk and feces were collected for 120 h after [¹⁴C]-AFB₁ administration. Recoveries (average of two animals) of ¹⁴C in urine, milk and feces were, respectively; 22.7, .97 and 65% (iv dose) and 30.9, 1.05 and 52.3% (oral dose). Aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) was found in milk in the highest concentration. Aflatoxin Q₁ (AFQ₁) and aflatoxicol (AFL) were found in trace quantities in milk of animals administered the oral dose. In general, AFM₁ could account for the majority of dicholromethane-soluble ¹⁴C. Liver contained 7.3 and 4.9% of the dose after 120 h for the iv and oral doses respectively. Kidney, heart, lung and spleen all contained .1% or less of the dose at 120 h. Muscle contained .48% of the dose at 120 h from the goats administered [¹⁴C]-AFB₁ orally. There was no detectable radioactivity in the fat of any goat at 120 h.

Six lactating Sprague-Dawley rats with 12 nursing pups were used for comparison of ruminants and simple-stomached animals. Rats were administered 2 µCi of [¹⁴C]-AFB₁ (125 µCi/µmol) iv (three animals) and orally (three animals). Mean recovery of ¹⁴C in urine, mammary plus milk and feces were, respectively; 9.5, 2.0 and 60.7% (iv) and 8.8, 2.6 and 65.0% (orally). Excretion rates in lactating rats and goats are similar, although the lactating goat appears to have greater conjugating capacity as indicated by a greater percentage of dose in the goat's urine.

¹ Dept. of Anim. Sci. (Address for reprint requests).

² Dept. of Environ. Toxicol.