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Heterosis Levels from Matings Utilizing Crossbred Sires¹

University of Florida, Gainesville 32611

Abstract

Heterosis levels were estimated for the progeny of F₁ and F₂ crossbred sires representing all two-breed combinations of the Brahman, Angus and Charolais breeds. Crossbred sires were mated to purebred dams to produce backcross and three-breed cross calves and to F₁ dams to produce F₂ progeny. Contemporary purebred controls were produced annually. The data from progeny of F₁ and F₂ sires were similar, thus, they were combined to simplify presentation. Mean heterosis levels for backcross calves sired by crossbred bulls were 1.9, 2.1 and 2.9%, respectively, for weaning weight, 205-d weight and condition score. Mating crossbred bulls to females of a third breed resulted in heterosis levels of 5.5, 7.3 and 5,1%, respectively, for weaning weight, 205-d weight and condition score, which were similar to those observed for F₁ calves during the two previous phases of the study. Among the different three-breed combinations, only calves sired by Angus x Charolais crossbred sires mated to Brahman dams showed significant levels of heterosis for weaning or 205-d weights. Heterosis levels for inter se crossbred calves were 13.7, 11.6 and 9.7%, respectively, for weaning weight, 205-d weight and condition score. These values were similar to those observed during an earlier phase of this study for F₁ cows nursing backcross calves and indicate that crossbred sires potentially may be useful in commercial crossbreeding programs.

¹ Florida Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Series No. 4722.

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