J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1986. 62:1-8.
© 1986 American Society of Animal Science
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Effect of Feed and(or) Water Deprivation Prior to Weaning on Reproductive Performance of Sows: A Cooperative Study

D. A. Knabe1, T. J. Prince2 and D. E. Orr, Jr.3

S-145 Regional Committee on Nutritional Systems for Swine to Increase Reproductive Efficiency

Abstract

A total of 292 sows, at three experimental stations (Auburn, Texas A&M, Texas Tech), was used to determine the effects of depriving sows of feed and(or) water before weaning on reproductive performance. The four treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial to evaluate two periods of feed deprivadon (0 and 48 h) and two periods of water deprivation (0 and 24 h) before weaning. Sows were allowed to consume feed ad libitum during lactation, and were fed 1.8 kg/d during the weaning to breeding interval. Only sows nutsing six or more pigs at weaning were used. Pigs were weaned at approximately 42 d at Auburn and 28 d at Texas A&M and Texas Tech. Treatment responses were similar at each station with no evidence of a station x treatment interaction for any of the traits (P>.10). During the 48-h treatment period, sows receiving feed and water ad libitum lost 1 kg compared with weight losses of 16 kg for sows deprived of feed for 48 h, 13 kg for sows deprived of water for 24 h, and 17 kg for sows deprived of feed for 48 h and water for 24 h. Weight losses for sows deprived of water only, may have partially resulted from reduced feed intake during the 24-h treatment period-, however, feed intake during this period was not measured. At breeding, sows deprived of feed and(or) water maintained their greater weight losses, suggesting that some tissue loss occurred during the 48- or 24-h treatment periods. The percentage of sows bred, conception rates and farrowing rates were not different (P>.10) among the treatments, but deprivation appeared to affect adversely farrowing rates of primiparous sows (95% vs 78% for deprived sows). Feed deprivation increased (P<.05) the weaning-to-breeding interval of primiparous sows an average of 1.2 d, but did not affect this interval for multiparous sows. Water deprivation did not affect this interval. Subsequent farrowing performance as measured by number of pigs/litter at birth and 21 d, and pig weights at birth and 21 d, were not affected by preweaning treatment. In summary, feed and(or) water deprivation before weaning did not improve reproductive performance; feed deprivation increased, rather than shortened, the weaning-to-breeding interval in primiparous sows.

Footnotes

1 T.A. 18989. Dept. of Anim. Sci., Texas Agr. Exp. Sta., College Station, TX 77843.

2 Contribution of the Alabama Agr. Exp. Sta. & Dairy Journal. Series No. 4-83509. Dept. of Anim. Sci., Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849.

3 Texas Tech. Univ., Dept. of Anim. Sci., Lubbock, 79413.






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Copyright © 1986 by the American Society of Animal Science.