J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1985. 61:995-1003.
© 1985 American Society of Animal Science
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Effects of Calcium Source and Level on Site of Digestion and Calcium Levels in the Digestive Tract of Cattle Fed High-Concentrate Diets1

A. L. Goetsch and F. N. Owens

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74078

Abstract

The effect of calcium (Ca) source and level on site of digestion of an 88% concentrate diet was tested with four 431-kg, intestine-cannulated steers in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment. Diets, limit-fed at 1.3% of body weight, contained .25% Ca with no supplemental Ca (B), .40 or .48% Ca from addition of either .95% CaCl2–2H2O (Cl) or .65% CaC03 (LL), or 1.11% Ca from addition of 2.5% CaCO3 (HL). No effects of source of Ca (CaCl2–2H2O vs CaCO3) were observed, although ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia-nitrogen (N) concentrations tended to be lower with Cl. Ruminal fluid dilution rate increased linearly (P<.05) with the addition of Ca to the diet. Ruminal fluid dilution rate and volume were negatively related (r=–.72; P<.01). Organic matter (OM) and starch digestibilities in the rumen tended to decline with the addition of Ca to the diet, while postruminal OM and starch disappearance increased (P<.05) to compensate. Flow of N to the duodenum decreased (P>.05) with addition of Ca to the diet. Concentrations of soluble Ca found in ruminal and duodenal fluid increased linearly (P<.05) with dietary Ca intake. Intestinal Ca disappearance increased linearly and quadratically (P<.05) with increasing dietary Ca and exceeded 80% of Ca entering the small intestine. In a second experiment, the rate of in situ dry matter (DM) disappearance of rolled corn was not greatly altered by addition of Ca to the diet.

Footnotes

1 Journal Article No. 4486 of the Agr. Exp. Sta., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater 74078.






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