J. Anim Sci.
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

J. Anim Sci. 1985. 61:931-941.
© 1985 American Society of Animal Science
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Smith, G. S.
Right arrow Articles by Watkins, J. B.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Smith, G. S.
Right arrow Articles by Watkins, J. B., III

Toxicological Effects of Gamma-Irradiated Sewage Solids Fed as Seven Percent of Diet to Sheep for Four Years1

G. S. Smith2, D. M. Hallford2 and John B. Watkins, III3

New Mexico State University,2, Las Cruces 88003 and Indiana University School of Medicine,3, Bloomington 47405

Abstract

Breeding ewes in drylot were fed pelleted complete diets with 3% cottonseed meal (CSM) or 7% dried, gamma-irradiated sewage solids (DGSS) for 4 yr. Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) content and enzyme activities for xenobiotics biotransformations were assayed in livers after 2 yr and in livers, kidneys and ileal tissue after 4 yr. Dietary DGSS caused no increase in P-450 and few changes in activities of oxidative, hydrolative and conjugative biotransformational enzymes. Consumption of DGSS for 4 yr caused slight enlargement of spleens (1.1-fold, P<.10) and ovaries (1.3-fold, P<.10), but no change in size of livers, kidneys, hearts, adrenals and thyroids (P>.10), nor liver vitamin A levels (P>.10). Of 22 refractory lipophilic residues assayed in abdominal adipose tissue, few were detected and of those detected DGSS caused none to exceed normal levels. Dietary DGSS increased (P<.01) Fe in livers 1.5-fold and in spleens 5.6-fold, and increased Cu in livers 1.3-fold (P<.01) and in kidneys 1.2-fold (P<.05). Dietary DGSS increased Cd levels in livers (P<.01) but not in kidneys or spleens (P>.10); yet all Cd levels were within ranges for livestock fed conventional feed. Dietary DGSS caused no increase (P>.10) in levels of Ag, Ca, Cr, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb or Zn in livers, kidneys or spleens. There were no histopathological lesions of toxicosis except mild hemosiderosis of spleens. Consumption of a diet with 7% DGSS throughout 4 yr caused no hazardous accumulation of toxic elements and little, if any, evidence of toxicosis.

Footnotes

1 Journal Article 1113 of the New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. Support was provided by Contracts DE-AC04-76ET33626 and DE-AC04-83AL21776, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Albuquerque, NM, in co-operation with Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM. Acknowledgements of technical contributions are as follows: C. D. Klaassen and K. Rozman, Univ. Kansas Med. Center (enzyme methods); J. Tessari, Colorado State Univ. (analyses for refractory residues); C. Hibbs and J. Thilstead, New Mexico Veterinary Diagnostic Services (histopathology) and P. A. Trujillo, D. W. Sanson and R. Hudgens, New Mexico State Univ. (analytical and animal care services).

2 Dept. Anim. and Range Sci. Direct correspondence to G. S. Smith.

3 Medical Sci. Program, Pharmacology Section.






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1985 by the American Society of Animal Science.