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University of Illinois, Urbana 61801 and American Cyanamid Company, Princeton, NJ 08540
Abstract
A randomized complete-block design was used to evaluate the effects of the β-adrenergic agonist, cimaterol (CL 263,780), on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass composition of finishing swine. The drug was fed at four levels (0, .25, .5 and 1.0 ppm) to a total of 240 pigs from 64.5 to 103.7 kg live weight. Growth rate and feed efficiency were measured during the 7-wk feeding trial. Feeding cimaterol depressed feed intake, improved feed efficiency and did not alter rate of gain. Carcass-evaluation showed that pigs continuously fed cimaterol had 13.2, 9.3 and 9.2% less fat measured at the 10th rib, P2 and average backfat (BF) locations, respectively, compared with controls. Cimaterol-fed pigs had increased loin eye areas (10.9%), and increased semitendinosus (11.8%) and biceps femoris (8.9%) weights compared with controls. The semitendinosus muscles of the cimaterol-fed pigs had less fat and the femur bones were shorter and lighter weight than controls. There were no detected differences in structural soundness of the live pigs, but postmortem evaluation of the hooves indicated that pigs fed 1.0 ppm cimaterol had a higher incidence of hoof lesions. Pigs withdrawn from cimaterol for 7 d were comparable in performance and carcass characteristics with those continuously fed the drug except that carcass fat measurements had generally returned to control values. The data indicate that cimaterol improved the feed efficiency of finishing pigs and increased the lean:fat ratio of their carcasses. Withdrawal of cimaterol caused compensatory fat deposition.
1 Funding for this study was provided in part by the American Cyanamid Co. and the Univ. of Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta.
3 Reprint requests should be addressed to R. A. Easter, 318 Mumford Hall, 1301 West Gregory Drive, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.
4 American Cyanamid Co., Agricultural Research Division, Princeton, NJ 08540.
5 The authors wish to thank the following people for their assistance in this study: Scott A. Williamson, Howard Cook, Rick Keever, Dale Alexander, Steve Heffernan, Ron Brewer, Brent Hoist, Brian Kerr, Sharon Laffey, Wendy Winkler-Schillo and Karen Bohannon.
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