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Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078
Abstract
Performance of two-breed cross cow groups (Hereford x Angus, HA; Angus x Hereford, AH; Simmental x Angus, SA; Simmental x Hereford, SH; Brown Swiss x Angus, BA; Brown Swiss x Hereford, BH; Jersey x Angus, JA and Jersey x Hereford, JH) producing 1,721 three-breed cross calves over a 7-yr period was evaluated. Cows ranged in age from 3 to 9 yr and were mated to two sire breeds each year (Charolais and Brahman, 2 yr; Charolais and Limousin, 4 yr; Limousin and Gelbvieh, 1 yr). Calves were born in the spring and weaned at an average age of 205 d. Significant differences among crossbred cow groups are as follows. Compared with birth weights of calves from HA and AH cows (averaged 36.9 kg), calves from S- and B-cross cows averaged 2.5 kg heavier, and calves from J-cross cows averaged 1.9 kg lighter. Frequency of calving difficulty for SA cows (21.7%) was greater than for AH, BH and J-cross cows (averaged 10.1%). Weaning rate averaged 81.2% for J-cross cows, 74.2% for HA, AH, SA and BA cows and 68.9% for SH and BH cows. Compared with the 205-d weight of calves from HA and AH cows (averaged 214 kg), calves from S-, B- and J-cross cows were 10, 12 and 7% heavier, respectively. Compared with the average weight of HA and AH cows (421 kg), S-cross cows were 8% heavier, B-cross cows were 4% heavier and J-cross cows were 11% lighter. Jersey-cross cows weaned the heaviest calves as a proportion of cow weight or of cow weight.75. Calf weaning weight per cow exposed to breeding, a measure of cow productivity, averaged 160 kg/cow for HA and AH cows. Compared with HA and AH, productivity was 7% greater for SA and BH cows, 13% greater for BA and JH cows and 17% greater for JA cows.
1 Journal Article 4615 of the Oklahoma Agr. Exp. Sta., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater. Research was conducted by the Anim. Sci. Dept. (OAES Project 1502) in cooperation with USDA, SEA, Southern Region and contributes to the Regional Beef Cattle Breeding Project, NC-1.
2 Authors gratefully acknowledge the dedicated assistance of herdsmen and many graduate students in collecting data for this study.
3 Present address: South Dakota State Univ., 801 San Francisco St., Rapid City, SD 57701.
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