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Effect of Dietary Calcium on Selenium Retention in Postweaning Swine^1,2,

The Ohio State University and The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary Se and Ca on Se utilization in postweaning swine. Two levels of dietary Se (.3 or 5.0 ppm) supplemented as sodium selenite and four levels of total dietary Ca (.50, .80, 1.10 or 1.40%) in a 20% protein, corn-soybean meal diet were evaluated. Inorganic Ca was supplied from dicalcium phosphate and limestone. In Exp. I, 135 pigs weaned at 4 wk of age were allotted by sex, litter and weight and fed a basal diet for 7 d and then their treatment diets for a 28-d period. Plasma and tissue were collected at the end of the trial for Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Dietary Ca had no effect on gain or feed measurements but 5.0 ppm Se depressed daily gain slightly. When 5.0 ppm dietary Se was fed, there resulted higher liver, kidney, heart and longissimus muscle Se concentrations than when .3 ppm was provided, but dietary Ca had no effect on tissue Se values within each dietary Se level. Plasma GSH-Px increased when higher dietary Se was provided, whereas neither heart nor liver GSH-Px activity was affected by dietary Se or Ca level. In Exp. II, a 5-d balance trial was conducted with 32 barrows after adjustment to their treatment diet for a 28-d period. Selenium retention increased quadratically as dietary Ca increased, whereas Ca retention was not affected by dietary Se. These results suggest that low dietary Ca levels may reduce total Se retention but not Se metabolism within body tissue.

¹ Salaries and research support provided by State and Federal Funds appropriated to the Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center, The Ohio State Univ. Journal Article No. 185-84.

² Appreciation is expressed to R. Sabine, B. Taylor, R. Todd and P. Maxson for their help in collection of data and tissue samples, to P. Hiltner and L. McKinney for technical assistance with laboratory analysis and to Dr. J. Holman for the statistical analysis.

³ Reprint requests: Anim. Sci. Dept., The Ohio State Univ., Wooster, OH.

⁴ Present address: Central Soya Co., Inc., Decatur, IN.