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Effect of 1,3-Butanediol and Short Chain Acids in Sow Gestation Diets on Maternal Plasma Metabolites and Fetal Energy Storage^1,2,

Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-0281

Abstract

Gestating sows were fed diets in which 15% of the metabolizable energy was in the form of glucose monohydrate (control), 1,3-butanediol (BD) or an equimolar mixture of acetate and lactate (AL) in order to study the effects of ketogenic, glucogenic and lipogenic substrates on fetal energy storage. Diets were initiated on d 90 of gestation. Blood plasma was obtained from sows 2 and 8 h after feeding on d 102 of gestation. Sows receiving BD had a higher (P<.001) concentration of ß-hydroxybutyrate (.54 vs .12, .14 mM) and a lower (P<.05) concentration of glucose (72 vs 82, 86 mg/dl) after 8 h than sows in control or AL groups, respectively. Sows in the AL group had a higher (P<.10) acetate concentration at 2 h, but no difference was observed by 8 h. Lactate concentration was lower (P<.10) in AL sows when compared with those in the control group (69 vs 101 mg/dl). Two pigs/litter were killed at birth and two/litter were fasted for 36 h with blood samples obtained at 12-h intervals. Newborn pigs from AL and BS sows had more total liver glycogen than pigs derived from control sows (4.18, 4.07 vs 3.09 g, respectively); however, this difference was significant only for pigs from AL sows (P<.10). Pigs in BD and AL groups had a higher (17 to 25%), though not significantly different, glucose concentration than controls after 24 and 36 h of fasting. Plasma free fatty acid, glucagon and insulin concentrations were not significantly different. Concentration of the key glucoregulatory hormone, glucagon, was low and largely unresponsive until 36 h of fasting.

¹ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

² Supported in part by the National Pork Producers Council. Portions of this paper were presented at the Cornell Nutr. Conf. in Syracuse, NY, 1982 and at the 75th Annu. Meeting of the Amer. Soc. of Anim. Sci. in Pullman, WA, 1983, abstract no. 340.

³ Present address: Cleveland, OH.

⁴ To whom reprint requests should be directed.

⁵ The authors gratefully acknowledge D. Kirtland and D. Ullrich for care of the animals and P. Lawrence for typing the manuscript.