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Raw Soybeans for Gestating Swine^1,2,

University of Nebraska North Platte Station, North Platte 69101

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of feeding ground raw soybeans to swine during gestation on reproductive performance for three consecutive parities. Sixty crossbred gilts were bred and randomly assigned to two dietary treatments with 30 gilts/treatment. The diets were formulated to contain 14% crude protein with either soybean meal (SBM) or raw soybeans (RSB) serving as the source of supplemental protein. All animals were fed in individual gestation stalls and were given 1.81 kg of feed/d. Upon entering the farrowing house at approximately 110 d of gestation, all animals, regardless of previous treatment, were fed the same lactation diet (15% protein corn-soybean meal diet) until the pigs were weaned (28 d). After completing three parities, 88 of a possible 90 litters were farrowed by each dietary group. Total number of live pigs at parturition and 21 d for three parities were: (SBM) 887, 732 and (RSB) 924, 765, respectively. Average pig birth and 21-d weights for each dietary group were (SBM) 1.52, 5.42 and (RSB) 1.59, 5.41 kg, respectively. Pigs from dams fed RSB had higher average pig birth weights (P<.05), but weaning weights were not affected. There were no significant differences in maternal weight changes during gestation. Milk samples were collected within 6 h after parturition, 3 and 14 d of lactation. Percentage milk fat for each time period was: (SBM) 5.6, 9.0, 7.0 and (RSB) 6.3, 10.7, 6.5, respectively. Sows fed RSB had a higher milk fat at 3 d (P<.05) but a lower milk fat at 14 d (P<.1) than did the sows fed SBM. The study indicated RSB can be effectively utilized in gestation diets fed to swine.

¹ Published as Paper No. 7482, Journal Series, Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta.

² The authors express appreciation to Marie Allen for her assistance in preparation of the manuscript. Acknowledgement is made to J. D. Crenshaw for statistical assistance. The contributions of T. F. Deatrich, D. Knoll, J. J. Sauder and M. C. Still are gratefully acknowledged.