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Effects of Various Methane Inhibitors on the Fermentation of Amino Acids by Mixed Rumen Microorganisms in Vitro¹

US Department of Agriculture and Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

Abstract

Monensin (2 ppm), lasalocid (2 ppm), chloroform (4 x 10^-5 M) and carbon monoxide (.5 atm) inhibited the production of CH₄ by mixed rumen bacteria that were incubated with an excess of protein hydrolyzate (Trypticase, 15 g/liter). All four CH₄ inhibitors reduced amino acid deamination, but the degree of CH₄ inhibition was not related to NH₃ accumulation. Chloroform almost completely eliminated CH₄ production and reduced NH₃ production by 10%. Ionophores, monensin and lasalocid, inhibited CH₄ by 51 and 44%, and decreased NH₃ more than 50%. Carbon monoxide inhibited CH₄ and NH₃ production by 89 and 20%. All four CH₄ inhibitors decreased amino acid fermentation, but the mechanisms were different. With chloroform some H₂ accumulated in the incubation vessels, and the ratio of straight-chain to branched-chain VFA was not different (P=.05) from controls. Carbon monoxide, a specific bacterial hydrogenase inhibitor, caused a large increase (P<.05) in the ratio of straight-chain to branched-chain acids. This increase resulted from a selective inhibition of branched-chain amino acid fermentation. The ionophores also decreased isovalerate and 2-methyl butyrate formation, but the straight-chain to branched-chain ratio decreased. This reduction resulted from a more pronounced decrease in acetate. Most of the decrease in NH₃ production due to ionophores was explained by a decrease in microbial protein. Comparison of carbon monoxide and ionophore treatments indicated that the action of monensin and lasalocid cannot be solely explained by a simple inhibition of hydrogenase activity.

¹ This research was supported by the United States Dairy Forage Cluster Research Center.

² USDA and Dept. of Anim. Sci.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

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