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In Vivo Body Composition Estimation in Nongravid and Reproducing First-Litter Sows with Deuterium Oxide^{1, 2,}

The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691

Abstract

An experiment was conducted with 64 first-litter sows to evaluate the efficacy of a D₂O dilution procedure for measuring in vivo body composition during the reproduction cycle. Eight gilts were each infused at breeding, 57 and 105 d postcoitum and at 5 and 25 d postpartum, with equivalent numbers of nongravid controls infused at corresponding periods except at 5 d postpartum. Results from D₂O dilution were compared with body water estimates obtained from chemical analysis. An early-equilibrating D₂O pool (before 15 min) was similar quantitatively to empty body (ingesta free) water in nongravid and lactating animals, but not in pregnant sows. Because of inconsistent D₂O equilibration patterns in gravid sows, the early pool was considered to have equilibrated with part but not all of the water in the conceptus products. Total body D₂O space measurement obtained from data following equilibration of D₂O in the entire body (1 to 2 h) overestimated total body water (including gastrointestinal water) by approximately 19%. Coefficients of determination for equations relating total body D₂O space to empty body and maternal body water were .96 and .88, respectively, ingestating sows and .67 and .74, respectively, for lactating sows, while coefficients of variation were below 6% in all cases. Prediction equations were developed to estimate empty and maternal body components (protein, fat and ash) from body weight and D₂O space. Accuracy of protein and ash weight prediction is lowest with this procedure because it involves the composite error of estimation of the other body components.

¹ Salaries and research support provided by State and Federal Funds appropriated to the Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center, The Ohio State Univ. Journal Article No. 168–83.

² Appreciation is expressed to T. Hartman, D. Hickman and P. Graham for help in data collection and to Dr. J. Holman for statistical analysis.

³ Present address: Farmland Industries, 103 W. 26th Avenue, North Kansas City, MO 64116.

⁴ Reprint request to: Dept. of Anim. Sci., The Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center, Wooster 44691.

⁵ Present address: Dept. of Anim. Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843.

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