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Toxic Effects of Selenium on Growing Swine Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets¹

South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007

Abstract

A total of 96 crossbred pigs received various levels of sodium selenite to determine the effect of dietary selenium (Se) on growing swine fed corn-soybean meal diets. Levels of supplemental Se were 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 µg/g. There were linear decreases (P<.01) in both gain and feed intake with increasing levels of dietary Se. Feed/gain increased numerically as dietary Se increased. Hair Se increased quadratically (P<.01) and blood Se increased linearly (P<.01) with increasing level of dietary Se. Cell volume and hemoglobin were not affected by dietary treatment. Increasing dietary Se significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT). External signs of selenosis were noted in some pigs fed 12 or 20 µg/g of Se. The toxic level of Se in a corn-soybean meal diet for crossbred pigs appears to be between 4 and 8 µg/g. Of variables studied, growth rate was the most sensitive indicator of chronic selenosis in swine.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the South Dakota Agr. Exp. Sta. as Pub. No. 1965 of the Journal Series.

² Dept. of Anim. and Range Sci.

³ Dept. of Chera.