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Carcass Quality, Digestibility and Feedlot Performance of Swine Fed Various Levels of Sunflower Seed¹

North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105

Abstract

Two replicates, each containing 24 pigs of Duroc and Yorkshire-Duroc breeding, were assigned randomly to four treatments on the basis of breed, litter, weight and sex. Pigs in treatment 1 were fed a typical barley-soybean meal (SBM) diet. Oil type sunflower seed (whole ground achenes) was substituted for barley-SBM at levels of 13, 26 and 39% of the diet for treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Crystalline lysine was added to treatments 2, 3 and 4 to equal the level of treatment 1. Increasing the levels of sunflower seed resulted in progressively deteriorating carcass quality. Firmness, marbling and pale-soft and exudative (PSE) score decreased in the pigs fed the sunflower seed diets and the carcasses were unacceptable for the retail market. The highest level of sunflower seed in diet tended to reduce gain because of lower feed intake. Digestible energy was not affected but protein digestibility increased with addition of sunflower seed. Results of this study suggest that diets containing more than 13% sunflower seed should not be fed to growing-finishing swine because of deleterious carcass effects.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director North Dakota Agr. Exp. Sta.

² Dept. of Anim. Sci.

³ U.S. Meat Anim. Res. Center

⁴ Meat and Anim. Sci. Dept., Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.