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Threonine Requirement for Reproduction in Swine¹

Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames 50011²

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to estimate the threonine requirement of pregnant swine. L threonine was added to a fortified corngelatin diet and fed at a rate to provide five threonine levels of 3.59, 4.95, 6.31, 7.67 and 9.03 g/d. Twenty-five crossbred gilts were randomly assigned to these five dietary treatments. Increasing threonine resulted in a difference (P<.01) in nitrogen (N) retention, with maximum retention at 4.95 g/d threonine intake. Blood samples were drawn before and after feeding. Although plasma urea N did not change significantly, the lowest level occurred at an intake of 4.95 g/d threonine. As threonine intake increased, plasma threonine increased quadratically (P<.05). This increase was accompanied by a quadratic (P<.005) decrease in plasma lysine. Sow weight gains increased quadratically (P<.01) with increasing threonine levels. Litter weight, number of pigs born, baby pig gains, daily milk yield and milk protein were not influenced by threonine levels. The lysinea ketoglutarate reductase activity of the sow liver samples increased linearly (P<.05) as dietary threonine levels increased. Based upon metabolic criteria 4.95 g/d L threonine met the requirement for animals in this experiment. If 75% of threonine in a corn soybean meal diet is available, the threonine requirement for reproduction would be no higher than 5.4 g/d or .30% dietary threonine when daily feed intake is 1.82 kg.

¹ Journal Paper No. J-10719 of the Iowa Agr. and Home Econ. Exp. Sta., Ames. Project No. 2357.

² Dept. of Anim. Sci.

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				J. Y. Dourmad and M. Etienne Dietary lysine and threonine requirements of the pregnant sow estimated by nitrogen balance J Anim Sci, August 1, 2002; 80(8): 2144 - 2150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]