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Lipogenesis and Adipose Tissue Cellularity in Steers Switched from Alfafa Hay to High Concentrate Diets¹

US Department of Agriculture^,3, Clay Center, NE 68933

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to 1) evaluate the effects of diet (alfalfa hay vs high concentrate) on adipose tissue cellularity and rates of in vitro lipogenesis and 2) determine if there was a relationship between in vitro lipogenic rates from acetate and lactate and rates of L- or D-lactate disappearance from plasma. Number of adipose cells/g of tissue decreased with time on experiment; however, hay-fed steers had fewer, but larger cells/g of subcutaneous adipose tissue compared with concentrate-fed steers (.78 ± .04 vs 1.20 ± .13 x 10^–6/g, respectively). These results, however, are likely due to a higher (25%) intake of dry matter and metabolizable energy by the hay-fed steers. Carcass data obtained at slaughter (460 kg) indicated that the concentrate-fed steers had as much or more adipose tissue compared with the hay-fed steers. Characteristics describing D- or L-lactate disappearance from plasma were not highly correlated with lactate utilization for fatty acid synthesis. Utilization of acetate as a substrate for fatty acid synthesis in vitro was correlated (r = .64) with the rate of lactate utilization for fatty acid synthesis.

¹ The cooperation of the Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, is acknowledged. The author acknowledges the technical assistance of Ms. Julie Jacobson in directing laboratory operations and the secretarial assistance of Mrs. Linda Parnell. The suggestions of Dr. G. Huntington in the design and during the execution of these experiments are appreciated.

² Research Chemist, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Agr. Res. Service.

³ Mention of a trade name, proprietary product or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable.