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Comparison of N, N-Dimethyldodecanamine with Antibiotics on in Vitro Cellulose Digestion and Volatile Fatty Acid Production by Ruminal Microorganisms^1,2,3,

University of Maryland, College Park 20740 and and ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705

Abstract

Eleven antibiotic compounds used in animal production, were compared with N,N-dimethyl-dodecanamine for their effects on in vitro cellulose digestibility and VFA production. Dose-response data were analyzed statistically to determine the concentration for each compound which would inhibit cellulose digestion of VFA production by 50%, thereby providing a convenient reference point for evaluation of the amine with respect to the antibiotics. Chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and penicillin inhibited cellulose digestion by 17 to 35% and VFA production by 18 to 26% at concentrations of 2.5 µg/ml, while N,N-dimethyldodecanamine and dihydrostreptomycin at concentrations of 10 µg/ml inhibited cellulose digestion and VFA production by 5 to 19%. For similar inhibitive effects, bacitracin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, sulfanilamide and sulfathiazole were required in concentrations of 25 µg/ml. Tylosin at a concentration of 1 µg/ml inhibited cellulose digestion and VFA production by about 80 and 50%, respectively, and monensin was effective at 5 µg/ml. In general, compounds of lesser importance for growth promotion in ruminants (sulfathiazole, sulfanilamide and kanamycin)had a less inhibitory effect on cellulose digestion and VFA production in vitro. N,N-dimethyl-dodecanamine was more effective than these compounds but repressed cellulolytic activity less than those antibiotics (chlortetracycline, oxytetraxycline and monensin) that are most effective in improving feed efficiency.

¹ Conducted under cooperative agreement between the Maryland Agr. Exp. Sta., College Park, and USDA, Beltsville Agr. Res. Center, Beltsville, MD.

² Contribution No. A-2952 of the Maryland Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Ser. Project G-66.

³ We gratefully acknowledge the technical advice of Dr. Marion E. Simpson of the Ruminant Nutr. Lab., Animal Science Institute, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD.

⁴ Dairy Sci. Dept., Univ. of Maryland.

⁵ Milk Secretion and Mastitis Lab. and Insect Physiol. Lab., ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD.