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Efficiency to Slaughter of Calves from Angus, Charolais and Reciprocal Cross Cows¹

South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007

Abstract

Breed group differences in feed energy requirements (estimated total digestible nutrient or TDN intake) per unit weaning weight, slaughter weight and retail product yield were evaluated in Angus, Charolais and reciprocal cross cows and their two- and three-breed cross calves born from 1972 to 1976. Even though there were significant breed group differences in cow weight, annual cow TDN, milk production, calf preweaning and postweaning TDN and retail cut yield, there was little evidence of breed group differences in feed energy requirements per unit weaning weight or per unit retail product yield. However, Angus cows and their calves were more efficient in total TDN per unit slaughter weight. Feed energy requirements per unit slaughter weight and per unit retail product yield were adjusted to a common age, weight or longissimus muscle fat basis. There was little evidence of an interaction of breed group with any covariate, and adjustment to common endpoints did not significantly affect differences among breed groups. There was little evidence of individual or maternal heterosis in cow traits or calf preweaning traits, respectively; but there was evidence of adverse maternal heterosis in postweaning TDN per unit of gain and total feed energy requirements per unit slaughter weight. Correlations among traits measured suggested favorable relationships between feed energy per unit output (weaning weight, slaughter weight, retail product yield) and milk production, weaning weight, slaughter weight and slaughter age.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the South Dakota Agr. Exp. Sta. as Pub. No. 1783 of the Journal Series. Cooperative with and a contribution from Regional Project NC-1.

² Present address: USDA, SEA, Box 225, Stoneville, MS 38776.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

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