J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1982. 54:345-352.
© 1982 American Society of Animal Science
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In Vivo and in Vitro Evaluation of Feather and Hair Meals in Combination with Urea for Ruminants1,2,,

D. A. Daugherty3 and D. C. Church4

Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331

Abstract

In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to investigate the effects of urea (U) substitutions on the utilization of feather meal (FM) and hair meal (HM) by ruminants. A rumen-fistulated steer fed grass hay ad libitum received 1.5 kg of protein concentrate (20% CP) twice daily, with soybean meal (SBM), U, FM, FM-U, HM or HM-U supplying the supplemental N. Rumen samples were obtained at hourly intervals for 8 h postfeeding for pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) determinations. Increases (P<.05) in NH4-N and total VFA were found when U was fed in combination with FM or HM vs FM or HM alone. Rumen NH4-N and VFA were lower (P<.05) with the FM and HM treatments than they were with the SBM control. In vitro batch trials were used to evaluate U when it replaced 0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 100% of the FM or HM N and with a SBM control. Dry matter disappearance (DMD), NH4-N, VFA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) concentrations were lower (P<.01) with FM and HM than with SBM. Additions of U at all levels increased (P<.01) DMD, NH4-N, VFA and RNA over that observed with FM and HM alone. The 40% level of U substitution for FM or HM met or exceeded the results obtained with SBM for all measurements taken.

Footnotes

1 Technical Paper No. 5371, Oregon Agr. Exp. Sta.

2 Partial support supplied by Fats and Protein Research Foundation, Inc., Des Plaines, IL.

3 Present address: Loper Systems, 6040 Riverside Drive, Chino, CA 91710

4 Dept. of Anim. Sci.






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Copyright © 1982 by the American Society of Animal Science.