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Citrus Condensed Molasses Solubles as an Energy Source for Ruminants^1,2,

University of Florida^,5, Gainesville 32611

Abstract

Two feeding studies with steers and one balance trial with lambs were conducted to evaluate citrus condensed molasses solubles (CCMS) containing 45% dry matter as a feedstuff for ruminants. The CCMS contained 10.64% crude protein, 14.55% ash and 74.64% N free extract on a dry matter basis. In a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, CCMS was added to diets to replace 0, 7, 14 or 21% (as-fed basis) of either corn or citrus pulp in an 85-day feeding trial with 40 yearling steers. These CCMS substitutions represented 0, 3.15, 6.30 and 9.45%, respectively, of the total dietary dry matter. Average daily gains, feed conversion rates and carcass characteristics did not differ among treatment groups. In a second study, 40 yearling steers were allotted randomly to four treatment groups in a completely randomized design. Treatments were 10% CCMS, 5% CCMS + 5% sugarcane molasses, 2.5% CCMS + 7.5% molasses and 10% molasses (as-fed basis) included in a corn-citrus pulp-cottonseed meal diet. These additions represented 4.76, 5.89, 6.46 and 6.57% of total dry matter. Daily gains and feed conversion rates during the 97-day trial were not affected by treatment. Dressing percentage was higher (P<.05) when 5% CCMS + 5% molasses was fed, but other carcass characteristics did not differ among groups. In a third study, 15 lambs were allotted randomly to three diets containing 0, 10 and 20% (dry matter) of CCMS as a replacement for dry corn and soybean meal, and digestibility of nutrients and rumen fermentation were examined. Solubles had no effect on organic matter digestibility, but crude fiber and ether extract digestibility increased (P<.05) as CCMS increased from 0 to 20% in the diet. Digestibility of crude protein was depressed (P<.01) by CCMS at 20%, but there were no differences in N retention. The feeding of CCMS decreased (P<.01) ruminal acetic and isovaleric acids and increased (P<.01) propionic and valeric acids. CCMS was palatable with apparently little if any laxative effect when fed at levels up to 20% of total dry matter intake

¹ Florida Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Ser. No. 2638

² The authors wish to acknowledge Jacquin-Florida Distilling Co., Auburndale, FL, for financial support and for providing citrus condensed molasses solubles; Adams Packing Assoc, Inc., Auburndale, FL and Suni-citrus Products Co., Haines City, FL for providing dried citrus pulp, and Charles Pfizer, Inc., New York, for providing vitamins A and D.

³ Present address: Yang-Mei Dairy Research Station, Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Hsiang-Shan, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan 309.

⁴ AREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850

⁵ Dept. Anim. Sci.