J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1980. 50:303-308.
© 1980 American Society of Animal Science
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Influence of Sodium Hydroxide and Enzyme Additions on Nutritive Values of Rice Straw1

C. M. Willis2, O. T. Stallcup and D. L. Kreider

University of Arkansas3, Fayetteville 72701

Abstract

In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to determine the optimum combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, enzymes (hemicellulase, pectinase, beta glucosidase), enzyme concentration and pretreatment period required to improve the nutritive value of ground rice straw ensiled for 30 days. The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values were highest for rice straw pretreated with 5% NaOH and enzymes added after 3 days at the concentration of 20 mg/100 g dry matter. Sodium hydroxide concentrations of 2% were as effective as 3 or 4%. One percent NaOH was inferior to 2% but superior to controls. Addition of enzymes alone caused a reduction in IVDMD. Three-day pretreatment with NaOH followed by addition of enzymes was superior to no pretreatment period. No differences were observed among the enzymes utilized. Coefficients of digestibility of dry matter determined with Holstein steers were 44.1, 52.3 and 58.6%, respectively, for control (ground rice straw at 75% moisture), 5% NaOH, and 5% NaOH pretreatment for 3 days plus hemicellulase (20 mg/100 g dry matter). All values were different (P<.05) from each other. Coefficients of digestibility of crude protein were similar in all treatments. The energy digestibility coefficient was slightly higher for NaOH plus treatment as compared to means for other treatments. Nitrogen retention was similar in all treatments both as percentage fed and as percentage absorbed. All treatments yielded a negative nitrogen balance. It is evident from the data obtained in this study that NaOH and NaOH in combination with enzymes can successfully be used as a treatment to improve the feeding value of rice straw.

Footnotes

1 Published with the approval of the Director of the Arkansas Exp. Sta.

2 Present address: Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington 40546

3 Dept. of Animal Science.




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Copyright © 1980 by the American Society of Animal Science.