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Methods for Determining and Factors Affecting Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis: a Review¹

West Virginia University³, Morgantown 26506

Abstract

Various methods have been used to estimate the amount of microbial protein in digesta leaving the ruminant stomach. Methods are based on the use of microbial markers such as diaminopimelic acid, aminoethylphosphonic acid, ribonucleic acid, adenosine triphosphate and isotopes. Amino acid profiles of different components flowing to the duodenum have also been used. Advantages and disadvantages of the various methods are discussed. Results of numerous studies conducted under varied conditions indicate that approximately 16.9 g microbial crude protein are synthesized per 100 g organic matter apparently digested in the rumen. Some variability between studies can be attributed to the microbial markers used. However, several factors have been found to influence microbial growth efficiency. Extent and rate of ruminal degradability of both the nitrogen and carbohydrate sources are important in determining the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis. Several studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between increased rumen dilution rate and increased microbial growth. Other factors affecting rumen microbial protein synthesis are dietary sulfur and frequency of feeding.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the West Virginia Agr. Exp. Sta. as Scientific Article No. 1598.

² Present address: Dept. of Dairy Science, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

³ Dept. of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, West Virginia Univ. Morgantown 26506.

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