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Selenium and Vitamin E in Semi-Purified Diets for Gravid and Nongravid Gilts^{1 ,2,}

The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210

Abstract

Forty-eight crossbred gilts were allotted to a 2 x 2 factorial experiment to evaluate two dietary levels of supplemental vitamin E (0 or 22 IU/kg) and Se (0 or .1 ppm) on first-parity pregnancy requirements. Semi-purified torula yeast diets were provided with the negative control containing natural levels of .02 ppm Se and 6 mg -tocopherol/kilogram. Diets were initiated approximately 150 days prior to breeding and fed until experimental termination. In each treatment group two nonmated gilts were sacrificed at breeding and at the end of the experiment; four gravid animals were sacrificed at 55- and 105-days post-coitum. When Se was not provided, nonpregnant gilts maintained serum Se as at breeding, while in gravid gilts it declined during pregnancy. All tissue Se levels were lower than those of the fortified Se group. Tissue Se decreased as athe trial progessed with liver showing the greatest decline. Gravid animals had lower Liver concentrations than nongravid gilts. When Inorganic Se was fed, gilts had higher serum Se than the non-fortified groups and maintained initial levels present at breeding. Liver Se decreased during the course of the trial with a greater decline in pregnant gilts, whereas other tissues maintained Se concentrations as at breeding. Liver and longissimus muscle tocopherol levels decreased when vitamin E was not a dietary constituent with gravid gilts having a lower liver concentration than nonbred animals. Corpora lutea and fetal number were not affected by the dietary vitamin E or Se restriction at 55- or 105-days post-coitum. No evidence of fetal atrophy was observed during the test period. The results suggest that Se and vitamin E provided by both tissue reserves and the negative control diet were adequate for first parity pregnancy but that .1 ppm inorganic Se and 22 IU vitamin E/kg appeared necessary to maintain tissue levels.

¹ Approved for publication as Journal Article 115–78 of The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster.

² Appreciation is expressed to F. A. Vance and R. B. Gibbs for their help in collection of data and to Dr. J. Homan for the Statistical Anlysis.

³ Department of Animal Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster.

⁴ Department of Poultry Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster.

⁵ Department of Animal Science, Ohio State University, Columbus.