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Effect of Insulin on Total Protein Synthesis in Pig Adipocytes

Abstract

Adipocytes were isolated from the backfat of young, domestic pigs. Incubation of the adipocytes in the presence of insulin stimulated protein synthesis 16 to 36% when compared to control levels. Theophylline and ACTH, alone or in combination, and dBcAMP neither changed the control rate of protein synthesis nor prevented the normal insulin response. Chelation of Ca²⁺ in the buffer prevented the stimulation of protein synthesis by insulin. Removal of both Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ significantly reduced the basal rate of protein synthesis. These data support the hypothesis that cAMP does not act as second messenger for insulin, and that Ca²⁺ is involved in the mechanism of action of insulin. These in vitro observations suggest that in vivo the pig adipocyte increases uptake and incorporation of amino acids into protein in response to elevation of circulating levels of insulin.

¹ Animal Physiology Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research, Athens, GA 30604.

² Department of Food Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.

³ Department of Animal Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.