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Dehydrated Poultry Excreta vs Cottonseed Meal as Nitrogen Supplements for Holstein Steers

U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705

Abstract

Pelleted diets of corn meal supplemented with dehydrated caged layer excreta (DPE) were consumed by wethers and Holstein steers as readily as diets supplemented with cottonseed meal (CSM). In addition to the pelleted diets fed ad libitum, steers were fed .93 kg of mature orchardgrass hay daily. Digestibilities of organic matter (mean, 84.4%) and nitrogen (mean, 70.6%) determined with wethers did not differ for the two concentrate diets. Nitrogen utilization did not differ for the two diets. Ruminal fluids from steers fed the DPE diet contained more ammonia (P<.01) and acetic (P<.01) and butyric acids (P<.05), but less propionic (P<.01) and valeric (P<.10) acids man steers fed the CSM diet. Over the entire 414-day feeding trial, steers fed the CSM diet gained 5% faster (P>.10) on 8% less feed (P<.10) than steers fed DPE diet. Feed cost/ kilogram gain was 7.6% lower for steers fed the DPE diet, but the extra days on feed to achieve equal market weight reduced the economic advantage to only 1.6% over the CSM diet. Source of nitrogen did not cause performance evaluated at 100-kg intervals to differ between 200- and 500-kg live body weights. Steers fed the CSM diet were heavier (P<.01) at slaughter and yielded heavier chilled carcasses (P<.05) that contained a lower percentage of trimmed red meat than steers fed the DPE diet. Dressing percentage, tenderness, juiciness, quantity of connective tissue, flavor and overall quality rating of beef did not differ for the two diets.

¹ Animal Physiology and Genetics Institute, Feed energy Conservation Laboratory, Science and Education Administration.

² Agricultural Marketing Research Institute, Meat Science Research Laboratory, Science and Education Administration.

³ The authors acknowledge D. E. Miller for conducting these trials, E. F. Bierman for performing chemical anaylses, B. T. Weinland, Biometrical Services Staff, for consultation on the statistical analyses and J. E. Faltynski, Meat Science Research Laboratory, for slaughtering the steers and collecting slaughter data.