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Effects of Arsanilic Acid and Vitamin E upon Utilization of Natural or Supplemental Selenium by Swine^{1 ,2,}

Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824

Abstract

One feeding trial and two balance studies were conducted to study the effects of adding arsanilic acid or vitamin E (E) upon utilization of natural or supplemental selenium (Se) (from sodium selenite) in the diet. Eighty weanling pigs were assigned at random to eight dietary treatments in a 2³ factorial design. The basal corn-soybean meal diet (containing .036 ppm Se and 6 IU E/kg) was fed alone or supplemented with .1 ppm Se (as sodium selenite) and/or 22 IU E per kilogram of diet and/or 99 ppm arsanilic acid. Selenium supplements were withdrawn 60 days, and arsanilic acid supplements 8 days, before slaughter. Selenium supplementation increased (P<.01) liver, kidney and diaphragm muscle Se concentrations, while arsanilic acid increased (P<.05) diaphragm muscle Se concentrations. Vitamin E supplements had no effect on tissue Se levels. The two balance studies concerned Se absorption and retention on low-Se diets supplemented with sodium selenite or seleniferous corn, arsanilic acid and E. A greater proportion of Se from seleniferous corn was lost in the feces and less in the urine as compared to Se from sodium selenite. Vitamin E supplementation increased Se retention from seleniferous corn by decreasing urinary and fecal Se loss. Arsanilic acid decreased Se excretion and, consequently, increased Se retention. The data suggest that discrimination against use of arsanilic acid as a feed additive in diets containing nutritional levels of natural Se or in diets supplemented with .1 ppm Se from sodium selenite for growing-finishing pigs in low-Se areas is unwarranted.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station as Journal Article No. 8077. Supported in part by NIH Nutrition Training Grant GMO-1818.

² The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of W. T. Magee in statistical evaluation of the data. Appreciation is expressed to Myron D. Brown, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL for supplies of arsanilic acid and for partial support of this research.

³ Department of Animal Husbandry, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources.

⁴ Presently, Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37916.

⁵ Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine.