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Requirement for Selenium (as Selenite) and Vitamin E (AS -Tocopherol) in Weaned Pigs¹. I. The Effect of Varying -Tocopherol Levels in a Selenium Deficient Diet on the Development of the Vesd Syndrome^,2

Royal Veterinary College, S-750 07 Uppsala 7 and Sweden and College of Veterinary Medicine, SF-00550 Helsinki 55, Finland

Abstract

Four groups of weaned pigs were fed a basic diet deficient in selenium (8.0 ± .9 µg/kg d.s.) and vitamin E (1.4 mg -tocopherol/kg d.s.). The diet of three groups was supplemented by -tocopherol, namely 5, 15 and 45 mg/kg, respectively. The pigs in all groups except the one receiving 45 mg of -tocopherol supplement developed the VESD syndrome, including lesions such as hepatosis dietetica, mulberry heart, muscular degeneration and microangiopathy. Cutaneous microangiopathy was found to be a significant sign. Blood selenium levels decreased in all groups during the experiment. Tocopherol supplementation allowed a longer time of survival and thereby produced a more advanced selenium deficiency.

¹ Supported by the Swedish Council for Forestry and Agricultural Research.

² Vitamin E and selenium deficiency.

³ Department of Animal Nutrition and Hygiene, Uppsala.

⁴ Department of Pathology, Uppsala.

⁵ Department of Medicine I, Uppsala.

⁶ Department of Biochemistry, Helsinki.