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Utilization of Wheat Shorts in Swine Diets¹

University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Can.

Abstract

Supplementation of wheat shorts with varied levels of corn and two levels of soybean meal indicated a major limitation of protein quality with respect to the requirements of growing and finishing swine. The apparent digestibility of protein of wheat shorts was 70 to 75%; the digestible energy was found to be less than 3.0 kcal/g. A separate batch of wheat shorts was found to have an apparent nitrogen digestibility of 80% and an energy level of 3.44 kcal/g.

Rate of growth and carcass quality were not affected by the replacement of a corn-soybean meal diet with graded levels of wheat shorts. A linear reduction in dressing percentage and feed efficiency was observed.

Pelleting improved the digestibility of energy of wheat shorts but elicited no effect on nitrogen or phosphorus. Regrinding tended to improve energy and nitrogen availability. Auto-claving and extrusion depressed phosphorus retention. Pelleting and extrusion offered the added benefit of reduced storage cost due to increased density.

¹ Financial support provided by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, National Research Council of Canada and Martin Feed Mills, Elmira, Ontario.

² Present address: Animal Industry Branch, Saskatchewan Agriculture, Regina, Can.

³ Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Can.

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