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Efficacy of Inorganic Selenium Supplementation to Sow Diets on Resulting Carry-over to Their Progeny^{1 ,2,}

The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210 and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691

Abstract

An experiment was conducted with 28 third-litter sows to evaluate the efficacy of inorganic Se supplementation to the dam's diet on placental and mammary Se transfer and its subsequent carry-over to the progeny after weaning. Sows were fed a corn-soybean meal diet without or with supplemental inorganic Se at either .1 or .5 ppm levels during the entire reproductive cycle. Sows were bled periodically with three animals slaughtered per group at weaning (28-days) and samples of kidney and hepatic tissue obtained. Progeny from each sow group were sacrificed at parturition, 2- and 4-weeks postpartum with serum, kidney, longissimus muscle and hepatic tissues collected. Pigs were sacrificed from each sow group and tissues collected at periodic intervals following weaning to 100 kg to evaluate the Se carry-over from the dam.

Sow serum, milk and tissue Se levels increased quadratically as the dietary Se level increased with near-maximum concentration levels at approximately the .1 ppm supplemental level. Sow hair analyses reflected dietary levels of the mineral with the greatest Se concentration resulting from those dams fed the higher dietary level of the nutrient. Pregnant animals had lower hair Se concentrations than non-pregnant sows within each treatment group.

Tissue and serum Se concentrations quadratically increased in the neonatal, 2- and 4-week-old nursing pig as the supplemental Se level was raised in the sow diet. During the 4-week lactation period the hepatic Se content declined linearly in the progeny of all sow groups while kidney Se concentrations increased.

Upon weaning, and particularly the first week, there was a marked decline in the serum, hepatic and kidney Se concentrations resulting in similar concentration values at 8 to 11 weeks of age for the progeny of all sow groups. These results suggested a relatively short carry-over of Se from the dam to the progeny.

From 11 weeks of age to 100 kg there was a rise in the Se concentrations of the serum and kidney with a smaller relative increase in hepatic Se. Because of the accumulation of Se in these tissues, these results suggest that the natural Se in the finisher diet (.05 ppm) was adequate to meet the requirement during the latter phase.

¹ Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Journal Article Series No. 198–76.

² Appreciation is expressed to R. C. Rodabaugh, J. Reed and M. Bayes for the collection of data and to C. R. Weaver for his help with statistical analysis.

³ Department of Animal Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster.

⁴ Currently a Veterinary Science student, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN.