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Proximate, Mineral and Amino Acid Composition of 15 Weed Seeds

North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102

Abstract

Density, proximate composition, content of selected minerals, and amino acid content of seeds of 15 weeds are presented. In general, the composition of the weed seeds differed from that expected for cereal grains by having higher content of fibrous components, ash, ether extract, gross energy, and crude protein than that expected for small grains. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium were present at levels much higher than would be expected in the case of cereal grains. Amino acid content of the weed seeds reflected their generally high crude protein content.

The composition of the weed seeds which constituted the bulk of the mixed dockage or screenings (wild buckwheat, green and yellow foxtail and wild oats) approximated that of cultivated grains more closely than did seeds of other less frequently encountered weeds.

The apparent density of the intact weed seeds was, in general, less than that of cereal grains. The four weeds whose seeds were considered to be of primary economic significance had densities similar to that of high-quality oats.

¹ Department of Animal Science.

² Department of Agronomy.

³ The authors wish to thank Dr. Calvin Messersmith for providing the sample of wild buckwheat and Dr. Jerry L. Sell for his helpful review of the manuscript.