J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1976. 42:1427-1433.
© 1976 American Society of Animal Science
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Carcass Traits of Progeny of Hereford, Hereford x Holstein and Holstein Cows

R. A. Dean3, L. E. Walters4, J. V. Whiteman4, D. F. Stephens5 and Robert Totusek4

Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074 and and U.S. Department of Agriculture, El Reno 73036

Abstract

The effects of breed and winter supplement level of dam on carcass characteristics of 213 calves out of Hereford, Hereford x Holstein (Crossbred) and Holstein females and sired by Angus (year 1) and Charolais (year 2) bulls were studied. In each year, one set of calves was group-fed (trials 1 and 3) and one set was individually fed (trials 2 and 4).

Level of winter supplement intake of pregnant-lactating cows had little influence on carcass characteristics of their progeny.

Carcass weight increased with increasing level (0, 25, 50%) of Holstein breeding. Carcass weight per day of age also tended to increase with increasing level of Holstein breeding although differences were smaller.

Rib eye area increased with increasing level of Holstein breeding in two of four trials, but rib eye area per 100 kg carcass and conformation score tended to decrease with increasing level of Holstein breeding, particularly with 50% Holstein breeding.

Although calves were slaughtered at an intended similar carcass grade based on apparent fatness, Holstein progeny had less fat over the rib eye in two trials. Both fat thickness and kidney, heart and pelvic fat per 100 kg carcass tended to decrease with increasing level of Holstein breeding. Cutability was not affected by breed of dam.

Marbling score was highest for Holstein progeny in every comparison; Hereford and Crossbred progeny were similar in marbling in three of four trials. Carcass grade was not affected by breed of dam in three trials; Holstein progeny graded highest in one trial.

Cooking loss of rib steaks was not affected by breed of dam. Warner-Bratzler shear value and percentage of protein in the rib eye were not consistently affected by breed of dam. Holstein progeny had the highest values for ether extract and dry matter in the rib eye.

These results suggest that total carcass merit was not greatly affected by percentage of Holstein breeding. Heavier carcass per day of age, more marbling and less external fat compensated for less muscling and poorer carcass conformation with increasing increments of Holstein breeding.

Footnotes

3 Present address: Evergreen Mills, Inc., Ada, Oklahoma 74820.

4 Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74074.

5 Present address: Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68503.






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Copyright © 1976 by the American Society of Animal Science.