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The Effects of Roasting and Roasting Temperatures on the Nutritive Value of Corn for Swine^{1, 2,}

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801

Abstract

Five experiments involving 150 pigs were conducted to evaluate the effect of roasting temperatures on the nutritive value of corn for swine. Roasting temperatures of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 C showed no effect on crude protein, lysine, ether extract, ash, acid detergent fiber and gross energy contents of the regular corn (yellow hybrid). Moisture content and test weight decreased linearly while percent starch gelatinization increased with increase in temperature.

Growing pigs showed a preference for the 100 C corn, 34.1% of total corn eaten, when given free-choice cafeteria access to all corns. Second choice (20.2% of total consumed) was regular nonroasted corn.

In a balance study with finishing pigs, there was a significant beneficial quadratic effect of roasting temperature on metabolizable energy as percent of energy absorbed (MEA), nitrogen retained (NR) and NR as % of nitrogen absorbed (NRA). Pelleting the diets significantly decreased NR and NRA.

In finishing swine roasted (100 C) corn produced comparable gains (ADG), nonsignificantly decreased feed intake (ADF) and significantly improved gain/feed (G/F) compared to nonroasted corn.Roasting (100 C) opaque-2 corn, however, nonsignificantly depressed ADG, ADF and G/F. Carcass characteristics were not significantly affected by diet fed.

When regular or roasted (100 C) normal corns were fed as energy sources in diets for young pigs, ADF was significantly higher with 100 C corn. When the corns were fed as the only source of protein, roasting (100 C) had no significant effect.

¹ This research was supported in part by funds from the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station and from The Andersons (Elevators), Maumee, Ohio.

² Data are part of the senior author's thesis presented in fulfillment of the Ph.D. degree, University of Illinois.

³ Present address: Departamento de Zootechnia, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, 36.570 Vicosa, MG, Brasil.