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Energy Level in Starting Rations for Calves Subjected to Marketing and Shipping Stress¹

University of California, Imperial Valley Field Station, El Centro, 92243

Abstract

Three-hundred-ninety-five calves subjected to the stresses of marketing and shipping were used to test various energy levels in receiving rations. Rations containing 38, 46, 50 and 54 megcal of NEg per 100 lb (.84, 1.01, 1.10 and 1.19 megcal per kilogram) were compared. The rations contained 20, 55, 72 and 90% concentrates.

Performance improved with increasing concentrate or energy level until the 72% level was reached. Calves fed the 90% concentrate level were slower starting than those fed the 72% ration although after the first week the performance was good. Because of the disease stress the first week, the 90% ration is not recommended.

The majority of the first treatments of sick calves occurred during the first 7 days following arrival.

When receiving calves on the 72% concentrate ration, no advantage was found in providing free access to long stem alfalfa hay.

¹ The cooperation of Ivey Feed Yard, Indio, California, and Hartman and Williams Feed Yard, Calexico, California, is gratefully acknowledged.

² Department of Animal Science.

³ Extension Livestock Specialist, Davis, California.

⁴ Farm Advisor, Agricultural Extension Service, Riverside County.

⁵ Veterinarian, Brawley, California.

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