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Antelope and Livestock on Rangelands¹

Abstract

The majority of the American pronghorn antelope coexist with domestic livestock in each of the western United States. It is postulated that cattle today have replaced buffalo of yesterday as a companion grazer to antelope.

Competition for forage or water is generally not a problem on ranges in good condition, but can be on ranges in deteriorated condition. Rangelands with the following characteristics are preferred ranges for both livestock and antelope: low rolling terrain; vegetation predominately grass, when forbs and browse are in abundance, water available every 3 miles.

Antelope thrive best on rangelands with a diversity of vegetation, an abundance of grass-forbs-browse, plants with high succulence, and growth height from 12 to 24 inches. Cultivated crops usually are not consumed extensively except alfalfa which is highly preferred.

Vegetational type manipulation projects can be advantageous or deleterious to antelope depending on how they are planned and accomplished. Should a range not have the vegetational ground cover preferred by antelope and conversion could accomplish this objective, then the project could be beneficial. Single-species range seedings are not desirable.

¹ Presented at the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Science, at Blacksburg, Virginia, August 1972, as part of a symposium on The Place of Game Animals in Agriculture.

² Bureau of Land Management, Reno, Nevada 89507.