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Phosphorus Requirements of Sows during Gestation and Lactation

Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana 61801

Abstract

One hundred and twelve gilts were bred and assigned to gestation treatments in which they were fed a corn-soybean meal diet (.33% P) with no supplemental phosphorus or sufficient dicalcium phosphate to give a total of .68% dietary phosphorus. At parturition the sows within each gestation treatment were rendomly assigned to dietary treatments of a corn-soybean meal diet fortified to contain .45, .55 or .65% phosphorus for a 28-day lactation. Low dietary phosphorus did not significantly reduce litter size at birth or weaning, weight gain to weaning, sow weight gain during gestation or lactation, milk production or composition, or sow bone calcium or phosphorus. Lactating sows fed .45% phosphorus digested and retained less phosphorus than did sows on the other two treatments. Although bone ash values were high for all sows after lactation, the sows fed .45% phosphorus had significantly lower values. With sows on tests through one litter the unsupplemented diet (.33% P) was adequate during gestation and .45% phosphorus proved to be adequate during lactation. The reduced bone ash observed in sows fed the lowest level of phosphorus suggests that sows retained for multiple parities may require increased phosphorus for greater bone strength.