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Efficacy of Different Phosphorus Supplements for Sows During Gestation and Lactation

Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana 61801

Abstract

An initial study was conducted with 37 crossbred sows to compare the efficacy of dicalcium, soft and Curacao phosphates as supplements for a corn-soybean meal diet during gestation and lactation. Reproductive performance was similar whether the gilts received the diet unsupplemented or supplemented with one of the three phosphorus supplements. There was a high incidence of posterior paralysis during the sixth to eighth week of lactation in sows fed the unsupplemented diet. Paralysis was also observed, but to a lesser incidence, in sows fed soft or Curacao phosphates.

Reproductive performance was not significantly (P< .05) affected in a second study with 70 first-litter sows fed the same diets. During the 36-day lactation, phosphorus digestibility, retention and balance (corrected for milk phosphorus) were similar for sows fed the supplemented diets but much lower for those fed the basal diet. Bone ash and phosphorus and bone strength criteria were lower for sows fed the unsupplemented diet than for those fed dicalcium or Curacao phosphate. Values for sows fed soft phosphate were intermediate between the unsupplemented group and those receiving the other supplements. Two sows on the unsupplemented diet developed posterior paralysis after the litter was weaned and the sows were grouped. A phosphorus level of 0.5% during gestation and lactation appears adequate for all criteria measured when feeding either dicalcium or Curacao phosphate.