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Effects of Protein Source, Goitrogens and Iodine Level on Performance and Thyroid Status of Pigs¹

University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506

Abstract

Four experiments involving 91 growing pigs were conducted to study the effects of protein source, two goitrogens and iodine level on performance and thyroid status of pigs. Semi-purified diets with soya or casein as protein sources were used. The diets included Tapazole (TAP, 0.075% 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole or potassium thiocyanate (SCN, 0.5% KSCN) for the first 3 or 4 weeks of the tests to deplete the pigs of their iodine stores, after which the goitrogens were removed and supplemental levels of iodine ranging from 0.0 to 0.4 ppm were evaluated. The pigs were housed in stainless steel cages, and diets and distilled water were allowed ad libitum.

Inclusion of TAP or SCN in the diet resulted in a marked reduction in feed intake and a pronounced growth depression. Within 3 or 4 weeks the pigs exhibited symptoms of hypothyroidism. Skeletal changes were manifested in shortening of the long bones. Respiration was very labored and asthmatic and the pigs were extremely lethargic.

¹ Department of Animal Sciences, Journal Paper No. 74-5-20, University of Kentucky, Agricultural Experiment Station.

² Present address: Institut Pertain Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia.