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Effect of Maternal Energy vs. Protein Restriction on Growth and Development of Progeny in Swine

Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 14850

Abstract

The offspring of gilts fed an energy or a protein restricted diet during gestation only were examined for certain blood and tissue characteristics at birth and at slaughter (80 to 90 kg). Protein restriction (PR) during gestation significantly reduced (P< .05) brain and liver weights of the newborn pig. Serum albumin level was also lower at birth but there was no significant difference between treatments in hemoglobin, serum protein and plasma-free fatty acid (FFA) levels at birth or at slaughter. Neither DNA concentration of the whole brain nor the DNA and RNA concentration of the longissimus muscle were affected by treatment. However, RNA concentration of whole brain was significantly reduced (P< .05) in the newborn and young adult progeny of PR gilts. Daily weight gain of PR progeny from 6 weeks to slaughter was significantly lower than the control and the energy-restricted (ER) progeny (P< .05). Carcass length and back fat measurements were also reduced in the young adult progeny of PR gilts. Loin eye area was not affected by treatment. It appears that maternal protein restriction, but not energy restriction to the degree imposed, affects brain and liver weights at birth, RNA content of the brain at birth and slaughter and postnatal growth rate of the offspring.

¹ Department of Animal Science.

² The Graduate School of Nutrition.

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