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Sunflower Meal as a Replacement for Soybean Meal in Growing Swine and Rat Diets

University of Georgia^,4, Athens, 30602 and Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, Athens, Georgia 30601

Abstract

Sunflower meal (SFM) was evaluated as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in corn-SBM diets for swine and rats. The effect of heating sunflower seeds, adding supplemental L-lysine monohydrochloride to diets and levels of SFM were studied. Sunflower meal, prepared from decorticated seed heated to 127 C before oil removal with hexane, replacing 50% of the dietary protein from SBM supported faster (P<.05) gains of rats than similarly prepared meal heated to 75 and 100 C. There was no difference (P> .05) in growth among heat treatment groups when SFM replaced 25% of protein from SBM.

The SFM used in subsequent experiments was expeller processed (heated to 127 C). SFM was much higher in methionine than SBM, but it contained only 1.5% lysine compared to the 3.5% lysine in SBM. Consequently, daily gain of pigs was depressed (P< .05) when SFM replaced 50 or 100% of protein from SBM. Replacing 25% of the protein from SBM with SFM did not reduce gains, but feed required per unit of gain was higher (3.30 vs. 3.61). There were no differences (P> .05) in apparent digestibility of corn-SBM and corn-SFM swine diets with respect to energy, protein, fiber, ether extract or dry matter. Addition of 0.3% L-lysine monohydrochloride to SFM diets resulted in improved gain and gain per unit of feed fed. The results from a rat experiment were in general agreement with results from the swine experiment which showed that supplementation of SFM diets with lysine was essential for good animal performance.

¹ Department of Animal Science.

² Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center.

³ Present address: Agricultural Research Center, Ona, Florida, 33865.

⁴ Department of Animal Science.