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Ultrastructural Features of Skeletal Muscle Differentiation and Development^{1, 2,}

Iowa State University^,4, Ames 50010

Abstract

It is obvious from even this cursory review that ultrastructural studies have provided the basis for much of our existing knowledge about differentiation and development of muscle. It is also evident that a great deal is known about differentiation of muscle cells. Because the major myofibrillar proteins of muscle are well characterized and possess unique features that permit their isolation and identification from very small amounts of tissue, muscle tissue may well constitute a very favorable system for the study of cell differentiation in general. It seems probable that future progress in the study of muscle differentiation will rely on an integrated application of biochemical, immunological, and ultrastructural techniques. Information from such efforts should eventually lead to the ability to control the rate of synthesis of myofibrillar proteins, and the rates and times at which myoblasts fuse to form muscle cells. Possession of this ability will make it possible to achieve extraordinary increases in feed efficiency and muscling in our domestic animals, and indeed, may usher in an entirely new era in animal science.

¹ Journal Paper No. J-7710 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames. Projects No. 1795 and 1796. The original studies reported in this review were supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (AM 12654), the Muscular Dystrophy Associations of America, the American Heart Association (No. 71-679), the Iowa Heart Association (Grant No. 72-G-15), and the American Meat Institute Foundation.

² Invitational paper presented at the Symposium on Protein Synthesis and Muscle Growth held during the 65th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Science, Lincoln, Nebraska, July 28 to August 1, 1973.

³ We are grateful to Janet Stephenson for developing our tissue culture facilities and for assistance with tissue culture studies and are most appreciative of the stellar efforts of Joan Andersen and Barbara Hallman in assisting with preparation of this manuscript. The assistance of Mary Arthur with preparation of the micrographs is also gratefully acknowledged.

⁴ Muscle Biology Group.

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