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High Fat Rations for Ruminants. II. Effects of Fat Added to Corn Plant Material Prior to Ensiling on Digestibility and Voluntary Intake of the Silage¹

Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691

Abstract

Chopped corn plant material was mixed with 0, 4, 8 and 12% (D.M. basis) HEF-fat (partially hydrolyzed animal and vegetable fat) or 4 and 8% corn oil and ensiled in plastic bags. All mixtures were made with and without 1% limestone. The silages were fed to sheep in digestibility and intake trials and to steers in intake trials.

The addition of fat did not alter the silage fermentation. With the HEF-fat treated silages, the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and cellulose in the 4% fat silage was significantly (P<.05) lower than those for the control silage but the digestibility of the 8% and 12% fat silages were not different from the control. The highest digestibility was with the 12% fat-1% limestone silage. The silage made with 8% corn oil had significantly (P<.05) lower digestibilities than those made with 4% corn oil or 8% corn oil-1% limestone. Considerable quantities of fecal soaps were formed from the silage fat content with the amount of fecal soaps increasing with increased silage fat level but not being effected by limestone additions. Limestone addition decreased fat digestibility for the control silages but not for any with added fat levels.

In steer trials, voluntary intakes of the fat silages were significantly (P.05) lower than that of the control silage , the lowest intake being with the 12% fat silage. Intakes of silages made with fat and 1% limestone were significantly higher than those made with fat alone.Highest intakes of digestible fat were 4.9 and 4.8 g per W for sheep and cattle, respectively, compared to intakes of 1.4 g digestible fat per W when control silages were fed.

GLC analysis showed no significant effects of fermentation or limestone addition on levels of 16:0, 18:1, 18:2, or 18:3 fatty acids.The addition of HEF-fat significantly decreased 16:0 and increased 18:1. The addition of corn oil significantly decreased 16:0 and increased 18: 1 and 18: 2.

¹ Published as Journal Article No. 44–71 with the approval of the Associate Director, Ohio Agricultural Research & Development Center, Wooster 44691.

² Present Address: Dept. of Animal Sciences & Industry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74074.

³ The authors acknowledge the assistance of P. Bixler in chemical analyses and C. R. Weaver in statistical analyses.

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