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Ovarian Characteristics and Serum LH, Prolactin, Progesterone and Glucocorticoid from First Estrus to Breeding Size in Holstein Heifers¹

Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823

Abstract

PITUITARY LH, FSH and prolactin have been determined during puberty and during the estrous cycle in cattle (Desjardins and Hafs, 1968; Sinha and Tucker, 1969; Hackett and Hafs, 1969). In these studies, decreased hormones in the pituitary generally were interpreted to reflect increased hormones in the blood. Although only limited data are available on blood concentrations of LH and prolactin (Schams and Karg, 1969, 1970; Henricks, Dickey and Niswender, 1970; Hansel and Snook, 1970) during the estrous cycle of cows, apparently levels of LH in blood and pituitary usually are negatively related while levels of prolactin may be negatively or positively related depending upon stage of estrous cycle. We found no data on blood LH or prolactin during puberty in heifers.

Of ovarian and adrenal hormones, only progesterone has been reported during the estrous cycle in cattle (Stabenfeldt, Ewing and McDonald, 1969; Henricks et al., 1970). The present study was designed to determine blood LH and prolactin during puberty, to determine blood LH, prolactin, progesterone, cortisol, and corticosterone during estrous cycles from first estrus to breeding size and to relate these hormones to ovarian characteristics.

¹ Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Article No. 5497. Drs. L. Edwards and R. Koritansky performed some of the rectal palpations. We also thank Dr. L. E. Reichert for the purified LH (LER-1072-2) and Dr. G. D. Niswender for the rabbit anti-LH serum used in the LH radioimmunoassay. NIH-LH-B5 and NIH-Prolactin-Bl were supplied by the Endocrinology Study Section of NIH.

² Present address: Dept. Animal Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331.

³ Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Dairy Science.

⁴ Large Animal Surgery and Medicine.

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