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Supplementation of Lysine, Ammonium Poly-Phosphate and Urea in Diets for Growing-Finishing Pigs

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061

Abstract

Five experiments using 424 growing pigs were conducted to determine (a) the value of urea when added to a diet with soybean meal as the only intact protein source, (b) the value of urea and ammonium polyphos-phate (APP) substituted for part of the nitrogen in practical diets with and without lysine supplementation, (c) the effect of ly-sine supplementation at two protein levels and (d) the value of APP as a source of phosphorus. Urea, APP, and a combination of APP and urea were ineffective in improving gain and gain/feed when added to a low protein diet with or without L-lysine supplementation. In all experiments where 0.12 to 0.25% L-lysine was added, there was an improvement in gain and gain/feed with both the low and high protein diets with and without nonspecific nitrogen additions (although not significant for both in a few cases). The responses were usually greater at the lower protein level. However, 0.40% L-lysine resulted in no improvement in gain compared with the diets containing no supplemental lysine. Serum urea nitrogen levels were elevated for pigs fed diets containing urea or APP. It appears that the phosphorus supplied by APP can be utilized by the pig.

¹ Appreciation is expressed to Merck & Co., Rahway, N. J. for the lysine and vitamin premix in experiment 1; to Corn Products Sales Co., New York, N. Y. for supplying the corn starch and cerelose; to W. R. Grace & Co., Clarksville, Md. for urea; to Allied Chemical Co., Hopewell, Va. for the urea and ammonium polyphosphate; to Agricultural Processing Co., Salem, Va. for the vitamin premix in experiments 2 to 5; to Fred Sandrock and Ray Wyatt for mixing diets and caring for the animals; to Peter Gati for laboratory analyses; and to Dr. C. V. Kramer for statistical analyses.

² Department of Animal Science.